Referenzen
- Vorführexperimente, Videos
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Crater Lab - Derivation of the crater-energy relationship
A derivation of how an object's energy relates to the critical dimension of the crater it would form.
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The puzzling physics of sand
some basic explanations about sand/granular media
- Wissenschaftliche Artikel
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Discrete particle simulation of jet-induced cratering of a granular bed
This paper presents a numerical study of jet-induced catering in a granular bed. The applicability of the model is verified by comparing the numerical results with experimental measurements of crater depth and crater shape in the cratering regime of Diffusion Driven Flow.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EYGjMB-POVQbiD49ym5km_LF0zAK23E3/view
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Numerical investigation of crater phenomena in a particle stream impact onto a granular bed
This paper presents an experimental and numerical study of the impact of a particle stream onto a particle bed using a 2D slot model.
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Shape of impact craters in granular media
They present the results of experiments studying the shape of craters formed by the normal impact of a solid spherical projectile into a deep noncohesive granular bed at low energies.
- Bücher
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Granular Media - Between Fluid and Solid
a general description of inter-grain interactions, including formulae
- sediment transport in liquids (S.311ff)
- forces in a flow (S.45ff)